source: YaleCourses Last updated on 2014年7月1日
This course is a survey of evolutionary insights that make important differences in medical research and clinical practice, including evolutionary mechanisms and the medical issues they affect. Individual genetic variation in susceptibility; evolutionary conflicts and tradeoffs in reproductive medicine; the evolution of antibiotic resistance and virulence in pathogens; emerging diseases; the evolution of aging; cancer as an evolutionary process.1.1 Natural Selection 20:58
1.2 Random Evolution 29:30
1.3 Mismatch 14:20
1.4 Adaptation 19:09
1.5 Types of Thinking 17:49
2.1 What is a patient? - Ancient History 18:45
2.2 What is a patient? Recent History 19:08
2.3 What is a patient? Genetic Variation for Disease Resistance 21:53
2.4 What is a Patient? Genetic Variation for Ability to Metabolize Drugs 16:55
2.5 What is a Patient? - The Human Life History and its Evolution 19:26
2.6 What is a patient? - Reaction Norms and Phenotypic Plasticity 15:49
2.7 What is a patient? A Bundle of Tradeoffs 19:50
2.8 What is a patient? Someone Who Ages 19:00
2.9 What is a patient? The Unusual Human Life History 23:26
2.10 What is a patient? The Developmental Origins of Disease 14:59
2.11 What is a patient? The Microbiome 18:19
2.12 What is a patient? Summary 6:24
3.1 What is a disease? Introduction 13:38
3.2 What is a Disease? Vulnerable vs. Robust Tissues and Organs 13:09
3.3 What is a Disease? From Fixed to Adjustable Reactions 8:20
3.4 What is a Disease? History and Mismatch 23:31
4.1 Defenses: Origins and Costs 13:01
4.2 Defenses: Specialized 29:29
4.3 Defenses: Key Characteristics 15:35
4.4 Defenses: The Major Strategies 13:10
4.5 Defenses: Tolerance 15:59
4.6 Defenses: Evolution of the Vertebrate Immune System 22:14
4.7 Defenses: More Detail on the Vertebrate Immune Response 21:11
4.8 Defenses: Managing the Microbiome -- Symbionts vs. Pathogens 15:13
5.1 Pathogen Evolution: Virulence 19:26
5.2 Pathogen Evolution: Evasion of Host Defenses 19:08
5.3 Pathogen Evolution: Antibiotic Resistance 13:56
5.4 Pathogen Evolution: Evolution-Proof Therapies 13:58
6.1 The Evolution of Reproduction: Mammalian Reproduction 26:43
6.2 The Evolution of Reproduction: Invasive Placentas 17:25
6.3 The Evolution of Reproduction: Evolutionary Conflict 14:26
6.4 The Evolution of Reproduction: Genomic Conflict and Mental Health 13:45
6.5 The Evolution of Reproduction: Menstruation and Menopause 14:50
6.6 The Evolution of Reproduction: Upright Posture and Childbirth 11:32
7.1 Cancer as an Evolutionary Process: Introduction 11:24
7.2 Cancer as an Evolutionary Process: Why we are Susceptible 18:29
7.3 Cancer as an Evolutionary Process: Clonal Evolution 17:12
7.4 Cancer as an Evolutionary Process: Phylogenetics 14:33
7.5 Cancer as an Evolutionary Process: Immune Evasion 15:57
7.6 Cancer as an Evolutionary Process: Managing Chemotherapy 16:15
