2018-04-26

Ian Christie - Living Through A Media Revolution

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source: GreshamCollege        2017年10月4日
We know a great deal about media gadgetry in retrospect, but much less about how it was perceived and experienced by early users. Historians at the end of the 19th century have traditionally paid little attention to 'new media' experiences, even though media historians would claim that this was the moment when the new media of communication and entertainment were already exercising their fascination.
Suppose we try to imagine a 'day in the life' of some Londoners in 1900, what would we find?
The transcript and downloadable versions of the lecture are available from the Gresham College website: https://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-an...
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Multimedia 1900: Experience and Entertainment in Everyday Life 53:23
The 19th Century Craze for Stereoscopic Photography 51:39

Vernon Bogdanor - British Political Parties

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source: GreshamCollege        2017年10月16日
The Conservative Party is the oldest and one of the most successful political parties in the democratic world. It has been, for many years, the natural party of government.
During the 20th century it was in government, alone or in coalition, for 67 years. What is the secret of the party's extraordinary longevity and electoral success?
The transcript and downloadable versions of the lecture are available from the Gresham College website: https://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-an...
Website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk
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59:05 The Conservative Party 
1:01:26 The Liberal Party and the Liberal Democrats 
1:01:42 The Labour Party
1:00:05 Nationalist Parties

Alister McGrath - Are Science and Faith at War?

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source: GreshamCollege       2017年10月30日
Science and religious faith are two of the most important elements of western culture. Yet the authority of both is under threat in our pragmatic culture, which emphasises relevance over truth.
So what is their relationship? Are they permanently locked in warfare? Or are there ways of encouraging a positive and enriching dialogue?
Drawing on the latest scholarship in the field, Professor McGrath moves us on from many of the outdated stereotypes to open up some new possibilities.
The transcript and downloadable versions of the lecture are available from the Gresham College website: https://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-an...
Website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk
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56:09 Are Science and Faith at War? -
51:35 Watching the Heavens: Astronomy and the Meaning of Life
54:35 The Clockwork God: Isaac Newton and the Mechanical Universe
53:18 If Humans Are So Great, Why is the World Such a Mess?
55:57 Are We Lost in the Cosmos?

Religion and Values in a Liberal State by Professor the Lord Plant of Highfield

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source: GreshamCollege         2012年10月12日
A series of public lectures on religion and values in a liberal state, by Professor the Lord Plant of Highfield, Gresham Professor of Divinity.
Website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk
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The transcript and downloadable versions of the lectures are available from the Gresham College Website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and...

59:25 Markets in their Place: Moral Values and the Limits of Markets
The aim of this lecture is to be both self contained but also an introduction to the other lectures. Market based orders are usually thought of as embodying a sense of individualism and moral subjectivism. At the same time there is unease about both the moral basis of markets as well as their limits. How are we to understand the moral basis of markets - for example of property rights since markets are essentially exchanges of property rights, the role of trust in economic exchange and questions of justice in relation to markets? Throughout these lectures we shall consider what place if any religious thinking about such matters can play in a liberal pluralistic society.
47:51 Markets, Freedom and Choice
This lecture focuses on the relationship between markets and freedom and the extent to which freedom should be seen as being entirely a matter of freedom of choice and the number of choices which an individual has available. Markets have often been seen as the embodiment of individual choice. Does freedom mean that the ends or goals which an individual chooses are beyond moral assessment or does choice involve some reference to moral standards and, if so, what can be the source and basis of such standards if in fact they do seem to be necessary?  If freedom has to be linked to ideas about virtue and the greater value of some sorts of goods over others how can such judgements be justified -- aren't we just imposing our own choices in order to restrict the choices of others?
46:19 Just Markets
This lecture focuses on the question of whether justice in relation to markets is entirely to be seen as being procedural -- that justice is a matter of securing the conditions of non-coercive economic exchange between free individuals. Or is justice also about social justice- that is to say about the proper distribution of resources and a concern about the outcomes of markets? If justice is about social as well as procedural justice how can we arrive at criteria for distributive justice if all moral values are seen as subjective? Should we not rather see market outcomes, in the words of the economist Fred Hirsch as being "in principle unprincipled"?
55:26 Selling Yourself Short: The body, property and markets
It might be thought that if I own anything then I own my body and this idea has been crucial in justifying rights to private property through the exercise of my intellectual and physical capacities.  In addition if I own my body it might be thought that I should be in a position to determine what I should do with it for example in selling organs and bodily products such as blood, stem cells or gene lines. In this lecture we shall look in detail at the issue of self ownership and its relationship to property rights and the idea of the body as a commodity.
1:01:13 What's it Worth? Values, Choice and Commodification
In this lecture I shall look more directly at the idea which has been central to the others - namely that in fact it is not possible to see markets as a morally free zone.  However, it is one thing to establish this, but it is quite another to provide a good explanation of how such values can be understood and justified.  If values are subjective can there be anything that can legitimately restrict choice and the transformation of values into market values?  In a market based society can we make sense of intrinsic values - the values which are to be seen as independent of choice - or are all values just a matter of subjective commitment? If so, is there any reason for thinking that certain types of goods should not be bought and sold?
55:06 Trust in Markets?
In this lecture we shall concentrate on the issue of the extent to which markets at least implicitly depend on collective values such as trust and civic virtue. Such values are very difficult to analyse and justify in terms of purely rational economic man (sic) models of human motivation and ideas about values being wholly subjective.  Are there ways in which features such as trust can be understood in ways which are wholly compatible with markets?   So for example, can brands and brand franchises be seen as ways of creating trust in a way wholly compatible with markets?  Equally can game theory provide a plausible way of modelling collective agreements as a basis for something like civic virtue in a way that is wholly compatible with market individualism?
1:02:14 Religion: A Challenge to Liberalism 
It is frequently argued that liberalism as a set of political ideas arose out of the 16th and 17th century wars of religion that culminated in the Peace of Westphalia. Does liberalism provide a way of dealing with contested doctrines and, if it does, is this bought at what from a religious point of view may be seen as too high a cost, that is by turning religion into a set of private beliefs which should have no place in the public realm. Many religious believers dispute this, insisting that their beliefs have an intrinsic social and public dimension. If this is so then such religious beliefs pose a central challenge to liberal political and legal thought.
51:14 Liberalism: A Challenge to Religion
A liberal state will put ideas about rights and individual autonomy at the centre of the relationship between the individual and the state. However, it is sometimes argued that the liberal state should be neutral, not seeking to impose an overall conception of the good on society. Should individuals choose their own values, with the state providing a framework within which individuals can pursue their own conception of the good without interference from others?
1:01:20 Rights, Law & Religion in a Liberal Society 
There have been quite a few high profile legal cases relating to the extent of the recognition of the role of religion in a person's life and the need for a liberal society to accommodate such beliefs on the one hand whilst recognising the claim that religions should be regarded as private belief which should not give rise to any specific forms of recognition in the public realm. It is often argued that religion is a much weaker form of identity than, say, gender or sexual orientation because religion is chosen and is a self assumed form of identity whereas, so it is argued, this is not true of other forms of identity which should be protected because they are given rather than chosen forms. We need to look at these arguments and if they hold water and what follows for politics and the law in a liberal society.
10 52:24 Rights, Law and Religion in a Liberal Society: Part 2 
There have been quite a few high profile legal cases relating to the extent of the recognition of the role of religion in a person's life and the need for a liberal society to accommodate such beliefs on the one hand whilst recognising the claim that religions should be regarded as private belief which should not give rise to any specific forms of recognition in the public realm.  It is often argued that religion is a much weaker form of identity than, say, gender or sexual orientation because religion is chosen and is a self assumed form of identity whereas, so it is argued, this is not true of other forms of identity which should be protected because they are given rather than chosen forms.  We need to look at these arguments and if they hold water and what follows for politics and the law in a liberal society.
11 52:55 Religious Identity and Freedom of Expression
The last twenty years or so has seen the development of what has come to be called identity politics. This has led to the claim that a liberal society should recognise and protect various important aspects of identity including religious identity. This means that a liberal society and its laws and politics should seek to accommodate strong senses of identity whether these are ethnic, cultural, gender, sexual or religious. This moves liberalism in rather a communitarian direction. How does a liberal state identify, recognise and respect these various identities? What happens when they conflict as religious identities for example often conflict with sexual forms of identity as the debate about gay marriage shows.
12 48:59 Rights and Liberal Interventionism in International Affairs
There is a distinct school of thought in our day which seeks to justify what has come to be called liberal interventionism in the affairs of other states. These interventions are justified by an appeal to human rights with the concomitant view that it is the job of all states to guarantee basic rights and that sovereignty is purely an instrumental value.  A state which egregiously infringes rights loses its own right to sovereignty since the whole purpose of the state is the protection of rights.  This connects up with Christian and other religious ideas about just and unjust wars.

Darkness Audible: Benjamin Britten at 100 - Paul Kildea and Mark Milhofer

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source: GreshamCollege      2013年3月1日
A series of lectures and performances in which conductor Paul Kildea, author of a major new biography of composer Benjamin Britten, explores the life and music of this colossal twentieth-century artist. Kildea is joined by tenor Mark Milhofer.
The transcript and downloadable versions of the lectures are available from the Gresham College website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and...
Website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk
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1:00:31 Darkness Audible: Benjamin Britten at 100 - Early, 1913-1945 - Paul Kildea and Mark Milhofer
On the day Penguin publishes Benjamin Britten: A Life in the Twentieth Century, the first major biography of Britten in twenty years, author Paul Kildea traces the emergence of the greatest English musician of the last century.
In this illustrated lecture Kildea explores the influences on Britten in his first decades -- conservative and progressive, social and musical, political and sexual -- and how this middle-class boy, who grew up writing music in an early-nineteenth-century manner and playing Beethoven sonatas and works by Wagner and Brahms, became the composer of Peter Grimes, a work that changed the face of English music.
This is the first in a series of three lectures in which conductor Paul Kildea, author of a major new biography of composer Benjamin Britten, explores the life and music of this colossal twentieth-century artist.
1:01:43 Darkness Audible: Benjamin Britten at 100 - Middle, 1945-1970 - Dr Paul Kildea
The success of Peter Grimes caught Britten by surprise. It gave him enormous capital, but for the most part he chose to spend it outside London, away from the emerging music institutions the new Labour government was determined would establish the sort of cultural infrastructure Britain's recent enemy, Germany, took for granted. Britten felt more comfortable participating first-hand in the Continental traditions Britain was now emulating, distrustful of the architects and executors of this new national culture. In this illustrated lecture Kildea explores the stylistic and philosophical changes in Britten's music in this 'middle period', the obsessions and vision that kept him an outsider no matter the determination of many to bring him into the club, and how he retreated both personally and stylistically in the 1960s, suspicious of the fame the War Requiem had brought him. Kildea covers the composition of Billy Budd, the jealousies and stupidities governing the debacle of Gloriana, and the creation of one of the greatest festivals and concert halls in the world.
56:31 Darkness Audible: Benjamin Britten at 100 - Late, 1971-1976 - Paul Kildea and Mark Milhofer
'In the history of art late works are the catastrophes,' proposed Theodor Adorno.  In this illustrated lecture Paul Kildea, author of the first major biography of Benjamin Britten in twenty years, disputes the narrative of decline that has engulfed Britten's music since the early 1970s.
The 'catastrophe' in Britten's music was not its quality, but how little traction it has had in the past forty years. Kildea unpicks Britten's precarious health and shows how it made him more determined than ever to write down the music that was on his mind. He discusses key late works -- including Death in Venice, Phaedre, the String Quartet No. 3 -- and how Britten saw them as a way of finishing old business and charting new territory. In this lecture, as in the previous two, Kildea looks at the personal and emotional insecurities that helped shape the twentieth century's consummate musician.
This is the third in a series of three lectures in which conductor Paul Kildea, author of a major new biography of composer Benjamin Britten, explores the life and music of this colossal twentieth-century artist.

(русский / in Russian) Учебно-исследовательская практика для абитуриентов (Educational-research practice for entrants)

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source: Лекториум          2013年7月23日
Опубликована теоретическая часть учебно исследовательской практики для учащихся 10 классов ФМШ. В практическую часть входили: -тематические экскурсии на завод и в музей Оптики -лабораторные работы по основам нанотехнологий, схемотехники и диагностики. Занятия проводятся ежегодно. Подробнее на сайте факультета eltech-fel.ru Запись 2010 года.
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49:13 Полупроводники: революция света | Григорий Соколовский
Курс: Учебно-исследовательская практика для абитуриентов | Лектор: Григорий Соколовский | Организатор: Санкт-Петербургский государственный электротехнический университет "ЛЭТИ"
25:34 Оптические волокна. Современные волоконно-оптические системы связи | Александр Сидоров
1:01:36 Карбид кремния: алмазоподобный материал с наноразмерно-зависимыми свойствами | СПбГЭТУ
31:35 Солнечные батареи - источник энергии будущего | Алексей Власов | СПбГЭТУ
49:02 Диагностика и контроль в современной технике | Артём Грязнов | СПбГЭТУ
33:52 Сверхвысокие частоты (СВЧ) - кому и зачем они нужны? | Андрей Козырев | СПбГЭТУ
53:44 Лаборатории на чипе | Учебно-исследовательская практика для абитуриентов | Татьяна Зимина
1:01:28 Квантовая информатика | Учебно-исследовательская практика для абитуриентов | СПбГЭТУ
56:19 Нанотехнологии для систем безопасности | Виктор Лучинин | СПбГЭТУ

(русский / in Russian) Что можно делать с вещественными числами | Юрий Матиясевич (What can you do with real numbers and not with integers? with Yuri Matiyasevich)

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source: Лекториум         2013年10月3日
Курс будет состоять из двух формально независимых частей. Взятые вместе, они демонстрируют существенное различие, с алгоритмической точки зрения, вещественных чисел и целых чисел. А именно, в первой части будет изложена версия алгоритм Тарского, позволяющего установить истинность или ложность любой замкнутой арифметической формулы первого порядка с переменными для вещественных чисел. В качестве "бесплатного" приложения этот алгоритм дает разрешимость "элементарной" геометрии (через введенный Р. Декартом "метод координат"). Во второй части будет рассказано про отрицательное решение десятой проблемы Гильберта, в которой он просил найти алгоритм, который позволял бы по произвольному диофантову уравнению узнавать, имеет ли оно решения в целых числах - такого алгоритма не существует.
Чтение к курсу на странице Computer Science Club.
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(русский / in Russian) Виртуальные машины (2013) [Virtual machines by Oleg Pliss]

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source: JUG .ru          2013年11月3日
Небольшой курс лекций Олега Плисса по виртуальным машинам. Примерный план лекций:введение в виртуальные машиныинтерпретациядинамическая компиляция управление памятьюмногопоточность многозадачностьмеморизация начального состояниявзаимодействие с нативным кодомВажно отметить, что Олег прочитал именно академические лекции, рассчитанные на продвинутых студентов старших курсов, аспирантов и инженеров соответствующих специальностей. Программные продукты каких-либо фирм там если и упоминаются, то в качестве частных примеров. Какого-либо акцента на Java в лекциях нет - она упоминается в ряду других языков, преимущественно уже вымерших;) Предполагается знакомство слушателей с внутренним устройством оптимизирующих компиляторов и процессорами x86 или ARM на уровне архитектуры и системы инструкций.Эти лекции Олег уже читал несколько раз в СПбГУ, дважды в ЛИТМО, по одному разу в Oracle, Академическом университете и Институте Информатики ДВО РАН.Лекции Олега ориентированы скорее на любителей нетрадиционных алгоритмов, разработчиков компиляторов, библиотек поддержки времени исполнения, операционных систем, встроенных приложений и частично разработчикам «железа». Приводимые примеры реализации написаны на сильно ограниченном C и ассемблере. На Java это либо не пишется вовсе, либо пишется с большим трудом. Поэтому далеко не факт, что содержание лекций будет интересно сколь-либо существенному проценту Java User Group.Тем не менее, зная, что низкоуровневые вещи и нетрадиционные алгоритмы пользуются в Петербурге особой популярностью, мы уверены, в том, что многим лекции Олега будут интересны. В силу технических причин лекции будут начинаться в 18:00. Сначала мы подумали, что это слишком рано, но потом решили, что это уменьшит количество «случайных» людей, а настоящие энтузиасты не испугаются!

(русский / in Russian) Вечерняя школа для 11 класса | Александр Чирцов (Mechanics for 11th grade by Alexander Chircov)

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source: Лекториум         2013年7月23日
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Курс прочитан деканом физического факультета СПбГУ для абитуриентов в 2009-2010 годах.
Все темы разбираются на примере реальных задач. Сопровождаются видеовставками и презентациями.
Рекомендуется для продвинутого слушателя.

1:11:38 Лекция 1.1. Механика | Вечерняя школа для 11 класса | Александр Чирцов | СПбГУ
59:25 Лекция 1.2. Механика | Вечерняя школа для 11 класса | Александр Чирцов | СПбГУ
57:38 Лекция 2.1. Законы Ньютона | Вечерняя школа для 11 класса | Александр Чирцов | Физфак СПбГУ
56:24 Лекция 2.2. Механика | Вечерняя школа для 11 класса | Александр Чирцов | Физфак СПбГУ 
1:01:04 Лекция 3.1. Механика. Законы сохранения | Вечерняя школа для 11 класса | Александр Чирцов
1:02:29 Лекция 3.2. Механика. Законы сохранения | Вечерняя школа для 11 класса | Александр Чирцов
1:03:42 Лекция 4.1. Механика. Гравитация | Вечерняя школа для 11 класса | Александр Чирцов
43:59 Лекция 4.2. Механика. Гравитация | Вечерняя школа для 11 класса | Александр Чирцов
1:40:13 Лекция 5.1. Механизмы гравитационных взаимодействий | Вечерняя школа для 11 класса | СПбГУ
10 32:24 Лекция 5.2. Способы описания классических макроскопических ансамблей | Александр Чирцов
11 1:27:23 Лекция 6. Закон Ома | Вечерняя школа для 11 класса | Александр Чирцов | СПбГУ
12 1:11:37 Лекция 7. Термодинамика | Вечерняя школа для 11 класса | Александр Чирцов | СПбГУ
13 1:28:10 Лекция 8. Термодинамические задачи | Вечерняя школа для 11 класса | Александр Чирцов | СПбГУ
14 1:42:17 Лекция 9. Электрические взаимодействия | Вечерняя школа для 11 класса | Александр Чирцов
15 1:35:13 Лекция 10. Электрические взаимодействия | Вечерняя школа для 11 класса | Александр Чирцов
16 1:08:58 Лекция 11. Электрические взаимодействия | Вечерняя школа для 11 класса | Александр Чирцов

(русский / in Russian) Технологии хранения и обработки больших объёмов данных | Дмитрий Барашев (Technologies for storage and processing of large volumes of data | Dmitry Barashev)

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source: Лекториум      2013年7月16日
Курс посвящён теоретическим и практическим аспектам технологий, связанных с хранением, обработкой и анализом больших объёмов данных. В основном будут рассматриваться технологии, ставшие массовыми относительно недавно, такие как распределённые файловые системы и NoSQL СУБД, но будут также затронуты возможности, предоставляемые привычными реляционных СУБД.
В материалах курса используются примеры программ на языке Python; кроме того, домашние задания тоже предполагают программирование на этом языке. Поэтому от слушателей требуется понимание элементарных конструкций этого языка и способность писать несложные программы, а также знание алгоритмов вообще. Знание реляционных СУБД и языка SQL тоже существенно облегчит восприятие некоторых тем курса.
Email для связи по этому курсу: bigdata@barashev.net
Страница курса на сайте Computer Science Center.
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