# playlist (click the video's upper-left icon)
source: GreshamCollege 2017年10月4日
The transcript and downloadable versions of the lectures are available from the Gresham College website: https://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-an...
Website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk
Twitter: http://twitter.com/GreshamCollege
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/greshamcollege
Instagram: http://www.instagram.com/greshamcollege
1 48:09 The Productivity Puzzle
Productivity growth in the UK economy has lagged behind that of our major trading partners. With little or no growth in labour or total factor productivity, there can be no solution to our economic problems and a return to what we have come to consider as normal times.
We will examine a number of possible explanations ranging from the role of finance to the employment of physical and human capital.
2 52:43 Mobilising Savings for Investment
We will carefully outline the categories of savings held by households and link that to the operation of financial intermediaries in providing loanable funds.
We shall ask whether the allocation of savings and the availability of funds provides the right mix of short and long term loans for households and firms.
3 50:50 The Housing Market
Housing represents the main asset class held by UK households and we shall try to understand why it is held as such a large share of assets. We shall then outline whether this choice has other knock on effects in the economy such as labour and social mobility. And what the case is for changes the tax treatment of housing.
4 57:24 The Structure of Finance
In the traditional model of finance, households saved and firms borrowed through financial intermediaries. Those financial intermediaries might be banks or pension funds but the experience of intermediation in the UK does not encourage the thought that long term finance can easily be located. Do we need a Development Bank?
5 52:13 Regional, Industrial and Infrastructure Policies
There are large disparities in economic performance at the regional level in the UK. We need to consider what kinds of policies might raise regional performance and the extent which directed industrial policies and infrastructure spending might be employed to iron out differences in regional performance. The evidence will be considered.
2018-04-27
BSHM History of Mathematics Lectures
# playlist (click the video's upper-left icon)
source: GreshamCollege 2013年11月29日
A series of lectures hosted by Gresham College and the British Society for the History of Mathematics. All information about the past and future lectures of this series can be found on the Gresham College website: www.gresham.ac.uk
The downloadable versions of the lectures are available from the Gresham College website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and...
Website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk
Twitter: http://twitter.com/GreshamCollege
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/greshamcollege
1 48:49 Mathematical History: Triangular Relationships - Professor Patricia Fara
"And first, the fair PARABOLA behold,
Her timid arms with virgin blush unfold!..."
Mathematical poetry may seem an unlikely form of satire, but 'The Loves of the Triangles' (1798) was not only a clever parody of Erasmus Darwin (Charles' grandfather) but also a powerful political commentary expressing contemporary fears of revolution and evolution.
2 53:24 The Memoirs and Legacy of Évariste Galois - Dr Peter Neumann
Évariste Galois was born 200 years ago and died aged 20, shot in a mysterious early-morning duel in 1832. He left contributions to the theory of equations that changed the direction of mathematics and led directly to what is now broadly described as 'modern' or 'abstract' algebra. In this lecture, designed for a general audience, Dr Peter Neumann will explain Galois' discoveries and place them in their historical context. Little knowledge of mathematics is assumed - the only prerequisite is sympathy for mathematics and its history.
3 42:36 Peter Guthrie Tait: A Knot's Tale - Dr Julia Collins
Peter Guthrie Tait (1831 - 1901) was significantly less famous than his friends Maxwell and Kelvin, but unfairly so because he was an important and prolific mathematical physicist. He was Professor of Natural Philosophy at the University of Edinburgh from 1859, narrowly beating Maxwell to the post, and worked on a variety of topics including thermodynamics and the kinetic theory of gases. In a fantastic experiment involving smoke rings, Tait and Kelvin came up with a new atomic theory based around the idea of knots and links. This took on a mathematical life on its own, with Tait becoming one of the world's first topologists and inventing conjectures which remained unproven for over a hundred years.
4 44:49 Lord Kelvin and the French 'F' Word: The Greatest Victorian Scientist? - Dr Mark McCartney
Lord Kelvin (1824-1907) was Professor of Natural Philosophy at the University of Glasgow from 1846 to 1899. An FRS, FRSE, knighted in 1866, awarded the Order of Merit in 1902, and in death buried beside Newton at Westminster Abbey, Kelvin was in his lifetime considered the pre-eminent natural philosopher of the Victorian Age. But the passage of time, and the supplanting of classical physics, have eroded his reputation. This talk will survey Kelvin's life and work, and seek to show why the assessment of Kelvin's importance by his contemporaries was not misplaced.
5 52:32 James Clerk Maxwell: The Greatest Victorian Mathematical Physicists - Professor Raymond Flood
James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879) was one of the most important mathematical physicists of all time, after only Newton and Einstein. Within a relatively short lifetime he made enormous contributions to science which this lecture will survey. Foremost among these was the formulation of the theory of electromagnetism with light, electricity and magnetism all shown to be manifestations of the electromagnetic field. He also made major contributions to the theory of colour vision and optics, the kinetic theory of gases and thermodynamics, and the understanding of the dynamics and stability of Saturn's rings.
6 51:37 The Grand Narrative of the History of Computing - Professor Doron Swade
A discussion of the core concepts of modern computing and their basis in history.
Dr Doron Swade offers a new analysis of the history of computing, suggesting that instead of a linear progression from one phase to the next, it is better understood as a series of separate computational functions diverging and converging.
Dr Swade goes beyond the analysis of the history of computing as moving from the Mechanical to the Electromechanical and then to the Electronic phase. Instead he argues that the history of computing is better understood as the diverging and merging of a series of streams which represent very separate computational functions or paradigms: Calculation, Automatic Computation, Information Management, Communication and the Electronic Information Age.
This is the 2013 Gresham-BSHM lecture, tracing the origins of the core concepts of modern computing.
7 29:08 Alan Turing: The Founder of Computer Science - Professor Jonathan Bowen
Professor Jonathan Bowen reflects on the brilliant work and tragic life of Alan Turing, the founder of computer science.
8 49:06 The History of Computing in Colour - Professor Martin Campbell-Kelly
The afternoon programme will explore the history of computing from three novel standpoints. Jonathan Bowen reflects on the life and work of Alan Turing. Martin Campbell-Kelly reconstructs a history of computing from colour depictions. There will be a Reception at 5.30pm, after which Doron Swade will give the annual Gresham-BSHM lecture, tracing the origins of the core concepts of modern computing.
9 39:37 Hypatia: Sifting the Myths - Dr Fenny Smith
The first woman mathematician of whom we have reasonably secure and detailed knowledge, Hypatia was the daughter of Theon of Alexandria, mathematician, astronomer, and member of the Museum. Reputed to have outshone her father in her studies, she devoted her life to the teaching of mathematics and Neoplatonist philosophy in Alexandria. She is most famous for her brutal murder (c.415 AD) by a zealous crowd of monks. Much has been written about her, but little is known for certain. This talk attempts to give an account of current thinking on her life and her mathematics.
10 43:03 Hanna Neumann: A Mathematician in Difficult Times - Dr Peter Neumann
Dr Peter Neumann OBE describes the life of his mother, Hanna Neumann, and her long and distinguished career as a female mathematician in the early part of the 20th century.
His talk is part of an afternoon of lectures on Women in Mathematics, celebrating the life of Ada Lovelace.
11 52:39 The Scientific Life of Ada Lovelace - Professor Ursula Martin
Ada, Countess of Lovelace, was born Ada Byron on 10 December 1815, and died, after a long and painful illness, in 1852. The daughter of the poet Lord Byron, and his wife Annabella (nee Milbanke), she married in 1833 William King, who was created Earl of Lovelace in 1838.
Professor Martin will talk on her life and contribution to mathematics.
12 42:07 BSHM 2017, Zero is a Hero - Professor John D Barrow
This years event will focus on the beauty of Mathematical Relationships. The main speaker, Professor Robin Wilson will discuss Pi and e, and the most beautiful theorem in mathematics, preceded by shorter presentations by Professor John Barrow on Zero is a Hero and by Professor Raymond Flood on Just Imagine: The Tale of i.
13 40:29 BSHM 2017, Just Imagine! The Tale of i - Professor Raymond Flood
This years event will focus on the beauty of Mathematical Relationships. The main speaker, Professor Robin Wilson will discuss Pi and e, and the most beautiful theorem in mathematics, preceded by shorter presentations by Professor John Barrow on Zero is a Hero and by Professor Raymond Flood on Just Imagine: The Tale of i.
14 59:50 BSHM 2017, Pi and e and the most beautiful theorem in mathematics - Professor Robin Wilson
This years event will focus on the beauty of Mathematical Relationships. The main speaker, Professor Robin Wilson will discuss Pi and e, and the most beautiful theorem in mathematics, preceded by shorter presentations by Professor John Barrow on Zero is a Hero and by Professor Raymond Flood on Just Imagine: The Tale of i.
source: GreshamCollege 2013年11月29日
A series of lectures hosted by Gresham College and the British Society for the History of Mathematics. All information about the past and future lectures of this series can be found on the Gresham College website: www.gresham.ac.uk
The downloadable versions of the lectures are available from the Gresham College website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and...
Website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk
Twitter: http://twitter.com/GreshamCollege
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/greshamcollege
1 48:49 Mathematical History: Triangular Relationships - Professor Patricia Fara
"And first, the fair PARABOLA behold,
Her timid arms with virgin blush unfold!..."
Mathematical poetry may seem an unlikely form of satire, but 'The Loves of the Triangles' (1798) was not only a clever parody of Erasmus Darwin (Charles' grandfather) but also a powerful political commentary expressing contemporary fears of revolution and evolution.
2 53:24 The Memoirs and Legacy of Évariste Galois - Dr Peter Neumann
Évariste Galois was born 200 years ago and died aged 20, shot in a mysterious early-morning duel in 1832. He left contributions to the theory of equations that changed the direction of mathematics and led directly to what is now broadly described as 'modern' or 'abstract' algebra. In this lecture, designed for a general audience, Dr Peter Neumann will explain Galois' discoveries and place them in their historical context. Little knowledge of mathematics is assumed - the only prerequisite is sympathy for mathematics and its history.
3 42:36 Peter Guthrie Tait: A Knot's Tale - Dr Julia Collins
Peter Guthrie Tait (1831 - 1901) was significantly less famous than his friends Maxwell and Kelvin, but unfairly so because he was an important and prolific mathematical physicist. He was Professor of Natural Philosophy at the University of Edinburgh from 1859, narrowly beating Maxwell to the post, and worked on a variety of topics including thermodynamics and the kinetic theory of gases. In a fantastic experiment involving smoke rings, Tait and Kelvin came up with a new atomic theory based around the idea of knots and links. This took on a mathematical life on its own, with Tait becoming one of the world's first topologists and inventing conjectures which remained unproven for over a hundred years.
4 44:49 Lord Kelvin and the French 'F' Word: The Greatest Victorian Scientist? - Dr Mark McCartney
Lord Kelvin (1824-1907) was Professor of Natural Philosophy at the University of Glasgow from 1846 to 1899. An FRS, FRSE, knighted in 1866, awarded the Order of Merit in 1902, and in death buried beside Newton at Westminster Abbey, Kelvin was in his lifetime considered the pre-eminent natural philosopher of the Victorian Age. But the passage of time, and the supplanting of classical physics, have eroded his reputation. This talk will survey Kelvin's life and work, and seek to show why the assessment of Kelvin's importance by his contemporaries was not misplaced.
5 52:32 James Clerk Maxwell: The Greatest Victorian Mathematical Physicists - Professor Raymond Flood
James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879) was one of the most important mathematical physicists of all time, after only Newton and Einstein. Within a relatively short lifetime he made enormous contributions to science which this lecture will survey. Foremost among these was the formulation of the theory of electromagnetism with light, electricity and magnetism all shown to be manifestations of the electromagnetic field. He also made major contributions to the theory of colour vision and optics, the kinetic theory of gases and thermodynamics, and the understanding of the dynamics and stability of Saturn's rings.
6 51:37 The Grand Narrative of the History of Computing - Professor Doron Swade
A discussion of the core concepts of modern computing and their basis in history.
Dr Doron Swade offers a new analysis of the history of computing, suggesting that instead of a linear progression from one phase to the next, it is better understood as a series of separate computational functions diverging and converging.
Dr Swade goes beyond the analysis of the history of computing as moving from the Mechanical to the Electromechanical and then to the Electronic phase. Instead he argues that the history of computing is better understood as the diverging and merging of a series of streams which represent very separate computational functions or paradigms: Calculation, Automatic Computation, Information Management, Communication and the Electronic Information Age.
This is the 2013 Gresham-BSHM lecture, tracing the origins of the core concepts of modern computing.
7 29:08 Alan Turing: The Founder of Computer Science - Professor Jonathan Bowen
Professor Jonathan Bowen reflects on the brilliant work and tragic life of Alan Turing, the founder of computer science.
8 49:06 The History of Computing in Colour - Professor Martin Campbell-Kelly
The afternoon programme will explore the history of computing from three novel standpoints. Jonathan Bowen reflects on the life and work of Alan Turing. Martin Campbell-Kelly reconstructs a history of computing from colour depictions. There will be a Reception at 5.30pm, after which Doron Swade will give the annual Gresham-BSHM lecture, tracing the origins of the core concepts of modern computing.
9 39:37 Hypatia: Sifting the Myths - Dr Fenny Smith
The first woman mathematician of whom we have reasonably secure and detailed knowledge, Hypatia was the daughter of Theon of Alexandria, mathematician, astronomer, and member of the Museum. Reputed to have outshone her father in her studies, she devoted her life to the teaching of mathematics and Neoplatonist philosophy in Alexandria. She is most famous for her brutal murder (c.415 AD) by a zealous crowd of monks. Much has been written about her, but little is known for certain. This talk attempts to give an account of current thinking on her life and her mathematics.
10 43:03 Hanna Neumann: A Mathematician in Difficult Times - Dr Peter Neumann
Dr Peter Neumann OBE describes the life of his mother, Hanna Neumann, and her long and distinguished career as a female mathematician in the early part of the 20th century.
His talk is part of an afternoon of lectures on Women in Mathematics, celebrating the life of Ada Lovelace.
11 52:39 The Scientific Life of Ada Lovelace - Professor Ursula Martin
Ada, Countess of Lovelace, was born Ada Byron on 10 December 1815, and died, after a long and painful illness, in 1852. The daughter of the poet Lord Byron, and his wife Annabella (nee Milbanke), she married in 1833 William King, who was created Earl of Lovelace in 1838.
Professor Martin will talk on her life and contribution to mathematics.
12 42:07 BSHM 2017, Zero is a Hero - Professor John D Barrow
This years event will focus on the beauty of Mathematical Relationships. The main speaker, Professor Robin Wilson will discuss Pi and e, and the most beautiful theorem in mathematics, preceded by shorter presentations by Professor John Barrow on Zero is a Hero and by Professor Raymond Flood on Just Imagine: The Tale of i.
13 40:29 BSHM 2017, Just Imagine! The Tale of i - Professor Raymond Flood
This years event will focus on the beauty of Mathematical Relationships. The main speaker, Professor Robin Wilson will discuss Pi and e, and the most beautiful theorem in mathematics, preceded by shorter presentations by Professor John Barrow on Zero is a Hero and by Professor Raymond Flood on Just Imagine: The Tale of i.
14 59:50 BSHM 2017, Pi and e and the most beautiful theorem in mathematics - Professor Robin Wilson
This years event will focus on the beauty of Mathematical Relationships. The main speaker, Professor Robin Wilson will discuss Pi and e, and the most beautiful theorem in mathematics, preceded by shorter presentations by Professor John Barrow on Zero is a Hero and by Professor Raymond Flood on Just Imagine: The Tale of i.
Psychology Lectures by Glenn D. Wilson
# playlist (click the video's upper-left icon)
source: GreshamCollege 2014年5月1日
A series of public lectures by Glenn D. Wilson, Visiting Gresham Professor of Psychology. All information can be found on the Gresham College website: www.gresham.ac.uk
The transcript and downloadable versions of the lectures are available from the Gresham College website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and...
Website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk
Twitter: http://twitter.com/GreshamCollege
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/greshamcollege
1 48:01 Soothing The Savage Breast
Can music heal? For centuries its therapeutic virtues have been extolled. The various uses to which it is put are described and the scientific studies that evaluate its benefits. The possibility of music having socially damaging effects is also considered.
2 48:49 The Pursuit of Happiness
What makes us happy? Is it a genetic trait that we are stuck with, or a product of events unfolding in our living? Does it help to be rich? What can be done to overcome set-backs and and improve our sense of well being?
3 43:20 The Psychology of Politics
Political affiliations reflect social class and upbringing but personality factors also contribute, including genetically determined traits like fear of uncertainty and novelty-seeking. Extreme positions may stem from dogmatism, hostility and intolerance of ambiguity.
How do the real Crackers operate and how successful are they? Intuitive approaches to criminal profiling capture the imagination but actuarial methods are often more effective. The new science of geographical profiling is described and how it has helped to "crack" certain famous cases.
"Great wits are sure to madness near allied, and thin partitions do their bounds divide" (Dryden)
There often seems to be a link between creativity and mental illness. Many great poets, playwrights, artists and composers suffered from depression, alcoholism, obsessionality, bipolar or psychotic disorders at some time in their lives. How strong is the link and what might account for it? Are these disorders beneficial to the creative process or a drawback that must be overcome?
9 52:36 Mind over Matter
Charlatan "cures" and "alternative" treatments are widespread and popular. Despite lacking any credible rationale, people often seem to benefit from them. The power of suggestion and "placebos" is impressive. What accounts for miracle cures and phenomena like stigmata? Are certain personality types prone to particular illness? How does stress affect our immune system? Psychosomatics is a fascinating branch of psychology with many issues yet to be settled.
10 54:43 Sleep and Dreams
Why do humans sleep? How much do we need to function effectively? How are our sleep patterns affected by artificial light? What, if anything, is accomplished by dreams? Do they have important personal meaning and provide portents, or are they just random activity of a brain left to its own devices. Why are they so hard to remember? Can we control the course of our dreams? Where do nightmares come from? New insights are emerging into the meaning of sleep and dreams.
11 54:25 How to be a lie detector
There are many circumstances in which it is important to detect deception. Whether people are evaluating a partner's account of their activities involved in police investigations, jury duty, high-level diplomacy or simply deciding who to vote for at an election, sincerity is a major issue. How to tell whether someone is lying by verbal and body language clues is discussed, as well as the use of polygraphs, infrared cameras and computerised systems.
12 53:44 The Psychology of Money
It has been claimed that economics is just a branch of psychology. Certainly movements on the stock market reflect human greed and fears. The desire to acquire wealth is a major driving force in human behaviour and our relationship with money says much about who we are. If money doesn't necessarily make us happy it does powerfully affect our emotions and is a factor in many psychological disorders ranging from anxiety and depression to hoarding and kleptomania.
13 53:47 The Black Dog: Causes and Cures for Depression
Is depression a response to unfortunate life events, or an unfolding of constitutional predisposition? The "learned helplessness" conceptualisation. Chemical and brain changes observed in depression - are they the cause or a manifestation of the negative mood?
The relationship between negative thoughts and depressed mood - which takes priority? What can be done to reverse the downward spiral? How can we tell when someone is at risk of suicide?
14 50:30 Having a Laugh? Comedy and Comedians
Humour depends upon a delicate balance of emotional arousal (a threat, hostility, taboo, sexual arousal) and technique (mechanisms rendering a joke safe and socially acceptable -- "just in fun").
The origins of humour in non-humans and children will be considered, and the purposes it serves for the individual and for society. Effects of mirth in the brain, therapeutic applications of laughter and the role of comedians in society will also be examined.
15 52:40 Feast or Famine: The Psychology of Eating
Is body weight due to a constitutional "set point" or to eating style? Do diets work or are they inevitably doomed to fail? Is self-monitoring (e.g., calorie counting, food diaries and regular weighing) useful or counterproductive. What accounts for eating disorders such as anorexia, binging and bulimia? How can they be managed?
Body dysmorphic disorder as a modern problem. To what extent does idealisation of thinness in the media contribute to dissatisfaction with body weight?
16 1:03:36 Criminal Minds
How do personality, social deprivation and upbringing affect criminality? Is crime due to economic need, a failure of conscience or a need for excitement?
If genetic contributions or brain damage can be established should they be taken to reduce culpability? What is prison for and are there alternative punishments that are more effective? Can criminals be reformed, or simply contained?
17 53:30 The Oedipus Effect
Many writers, from Sophocles to Freud, have seen profound significance in the story of Oedipus who killed his father and married his mother. What does this tell us about human nature? Is there any support for the theories of these complexes? Is there a natural inclination toward incest, or is incest avoidance the norm?
To what extent is our choice of partners influenced by early experience of our parents and our relationship with them?
18 52:35 Cosmic Influences on Behaviour?
Why do some people believe that celestial bodies affect their behaviours? Is there any truth to their claims?: http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and...
Are human personality, health and vocational choice influenced by the position of the planets? If not, why do so many people read horoscopes and believe this to be the case? Terms such as jovial, martial, mercurial, venereal and saturnine are implanted in our psyche.
Are Psychological differences between believers ("sheep") and sceptics ("goats") affected by the season of birth? Do sunspots or the full moon affect human behaviour (lunacy or even 'werewolves')?
source: GreshamCollege 2014年5月1日
A series of public lectures by Glenn D. Wilson, Visiting Gresham Professor of Psychology. All information can be found on the Gresham College website: www.gresham.ac.uk
The transcript and downloadable versions of the lectures are available from the Gresham College website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and...
Website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk
Twitter: http://twitter.com/GreshamCollege
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/greshamcollege
1 48:01 Soothing The Savage Breast
Can music heal? For centuries its therapeutic virtues have been extolled. The various uses to which it is put are described and the scientific studies that evaluate its benefits. The possibility of music having socially damaging effects is also considered.
2 48:49 The Pursuit of Happiness
What makes us happy? Is it a genetic trait that we are stuck with, or a product of events unfolding in our living? Does it help to be rich? What can be done to overcome set-backs and and improve our sense of well being?
3 43:20 The Psychology of Politics
Political affiliations reflect social class and upbringing but personality factors also contribute, including genetically determined traits like fear of uncertainty and novelty-seeking. Extreme positions may stem from dogmatism, hostility and intolerance of ambiguity.
4 50:07 Mad, bad or sad? The Psychology of Personality Disorders
Personality disorders are a contentious issue in psychiatry. How many are there and how reliable is their diagnosis? Are we just medicalising bad behaviour and social inadequacy. How should medical and criminal justice sectors divide responsibility?
5 49:57 Whatever Turns You On
6 49:58 Profiling a KillerHow do the real Crackers operate and how successful are they? Intuitive approaches to criminal profiling capture the imagination but actuarial methods are often more effective. The new science of geographical profiling is described and how it has helped to "crack" certain famous cases.
7 54:17 Personality and the Brain
Personality is partly inborn and mediated by brain structures, hormones and neurotransmitters. It influences social behaviours such as gambling, sexual behaviour, extreme sports, impulse control disorders and criminality. Is there an additive personality? Do men and women differ in personality? Modern research on the connections between neural presences and personality is presented and evolutionary reasons offered for some of the variations.
8 42:20 Genius or Madness? The Psychology of Creativity"Great wits are sure to madness near allied, and thin partitions do their bounds divide" (Dryden)
There often seems to be a link between creativity and mental illness. Many great poets, playwrights, artists and composers suffered from depression, alcoholism, obsessionality, bipolar or psychotic disorders at some time in their lives. How strong is the link and what might account for it? Are these disorders beneficial to the creative process or a drawback that must be overcome?
9 52:36 Mind over Matter
Charlatan "cures" and "alternative" treatments are widespread and popular. Despite lacking any credible rationale, people often seem to benefit from them. The power of suggestion and "placebos" is impressive. What accounts for miracle cures and phenomena like stigmata? Are certain personality types prone to particular illness? How does stress affect our immune system? Psychosomatics is a fascinating branch of psychology with many issues yet to be settled.
10 54:43 Sleep and Dreams
Why do humans sleep? How much do we need to function effectively? How are our sleep patterns affected by artificial light? What, if anything, is accomplished by dreams? Do they have important personal meaning and provide portents, or are they just random activity of a brain left to its own devices. Why are they so hard to remember? Can we control the course of our dreams? Where do nightmares come from? New insights are emerging into the meaning of sleep and dreams.
11 54:25 How to be a lie detector
There are many circumstances in which it is important to detect deception. Whether people are evaluating a partner's account of their activities involved in police investigations, jury duty, high-level diplomacy or simply deciding who to vote for at an election, sincerity is a major issue. How to tell whether someone is lying by verbal and body language clues is discussed, as well as the use of polygraphs, infrared cameras and computerised systems.
12 53:44 The Psychology of Money
It has been claimed that economics is just a branch of psychology. Certainly movements on the stock market reflect human greed and fears. The desire to acquire wealth is a major driving force in human behaviour and our relationship with money says much about who we are. If money doesn't necessarily make us happy it does powerfully affect our emotions and is a factor in many psychological disorders ranging from anxiety and depression to hoarding and kleptomania.
13 53:47 The Black Dog: Causes and Cures for Depression
Is depression a response to unfortunate life events, or an unfolding of constitutional predisposition? The "learned helplessness" conceptualisation. Chemical and brain changes observed in depression - are they the cause or a manifestation of the negative mood?
The relationship between negative thoughts and depressed mood - which takes priority? What can be done to reverse the downward spiral? How can we tell when someone is at risk of suicide?
14 50:30 Having a Laugh? Comedy and Comedians
Humour depends upon a delicate balance of emotional arousal (a threat, hostility, taboo, sexual arousal) and technique (mechanisms rendering a joke safe and socially acceptable -- "just in fun").
The origins of humour in non-humans and children will be considered, and the purposes it serves for the individual and for society. Effects of mirth in the brain, therapeutic applications of laughter and the role of comedians in society will also be examined.
15 52:40 Feast or Famine: The Psychology of Eating
Is body weight due to a constitutional "set point" or to eating style? Do diets work or are they inevitably doomed to fail? Is self-monitoring (e.g., calorie counting, food diaries and regular weighing) useful or counterproductive. What accounts for eating disorders such as anorexia, binging and bulimia? How can they be managed?
Body dysmorphic disorder as a modern problem. To what extent does idealisation of thinness in the media contribute to dissatisfaction with body weight?
16 1:03:36 Criminal Minds
How do personality, social deprivation and upbringing affect criminality? Is crime due to economic need, a failure of conscience or a need for excitement?
If genetic contributions or brain damage can be established should they be taken to reduce culpability? What is prison for and are there alternative punishments that are more effective? Can criminals be reformed, or simply contained?
17 53:30 The Oedipus Effect
Many writers, from Sophocles to Freud, have seen profound significance in the story of Oedipus who killed his father and married his mother. What does this tell us about human nature? Is there any support for the theories of these complexes? Is there a natural inclination toward incest, or is incest avoidance the norm?
To what extent is our choice of partners influenced by early experience of our parents and our relationship with them?
18 52:35 Cosmic Influences on Behaviour?
Why do some people believe that celestial bodies affect their behaviours? Is there any truth to their claims?: http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and...
Are human personality, health and vocational choice influenced by the position of the planets? If not, why do so many people read horoscopes and believe this to be the case? Terms such as jovial, martial, mercurial, venereal and saturnine are implanted in our psyche.
Are Psychological differences between believers ("sheep") and sceptics ("goats") affected by the season of birth? Do sunspots or the full moon affect human behaviour (lunacy or even 'werewolves')?
Vernon Bogdanor--Six British Politicians who Shaped the 20th Century
# playlist (click the video's upper-left icon)
source: GreshamCollege 2012年10月29日
Winston Churchill wrote of Joseph Chamberlain, Colonial Secretary at the beginning of the 20th century, that, even though he never became Prime Minister, he 'made the weather', meaning that he played a crucial role in shaping the political agenda of his day. These lectures discuss six postwar politicians, none of whom became Prime Minister, but who, like Joseph Chamberlain, also made the weather and so helped to shape the age in which we live. For all information about this series of free public lectures by Professor Vernon Bogdanor, please visit the Gresham College website: www.gresham.ac.uk
The transcript and downloadable versions of the lectures are available from the Gresham College website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and...
Website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk
Twitter: http://twitter.com/GreshamCollege
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/pages/Gresham...
1 59:18 Aneurin Bevan and the Socialist Ideal
Aneurin Bevan was the leading postwar representative in Britain of the socialist ideal. He is best remembered for the creation of the National Health Service which he regarded as a symbol of applied socialism, a national service free at the point of use and available to all. But, even before he resigned from the postwar Labour government in 1951, this ideal was being eroded. Were his hopes doomed to disappointment?
2 55:42 Iain Macleod and Decolonisation
Iain Macleod was, with Joseph Chamberlain, one of two great Colonial Secretaries of the 20th century. In the early 1960s, he ensured the rapid ending of Britain's African empire. This allowed Britain to avoid the imperial traumas which afflicted France and Portugal. If the African ex-colonies choose to remain in the multi-racial Commonwealth, that in large part is due to Iain Macleod.
3 53:50 Roy Jenkins, Europe and the Civilised Society
Roy Jenkins was Home Secretary from 1965 to 1967 and again from 1974 to 1976. He sponsored homosexual law reform and the legalisation of abortion as well as legislation outlawing racial discrimination. He helped create what its supporters called the civilised society but its enemies labelled the permissive society. During the 1970s, Jenkins's support for European unity put him at odds with many in the Labour Party; and in 1981, he helped found the new but short-lived Social Democratic Party. Meanwhile, as President of the European Commission, he had played a fundamental part in launching the idea of European monetary union.
4 1:10:32 Enoch Powell and the Sovereignty of Parliament
Enoch Powell was the most powerful postwar exponent of the idea of the sovereignty of Parliament and indeed of English nationalism, opposing the coming of a multiracial society, devolution, and entry into the Common Market, as the European Union used to be called. His ideas proved unacceptable not only to Labour but also to the Conservative Party which he left in 1974. Was he, as his supporters allege, a prophet before his time; or have developments since his death shown that his fears were groundless?
5 50:26 Tony Benn and the Idea of Participation
Tony Benn has been the most prominent modern spokesman of the movement for participatory democracy. It was he who secured the right of hereditary peers to renounce their titles, the right of the people to vote on membership of the Common Market in the referendum of 1975, and the right of Labour Party members to choose their leader and reselect their MPs. Yet, in the Britain of the 21st century, turnout is lower than it has ever been and the desire to participate seems at a discount, especially amongst the young. Did Benn misunderstand the attitudes of the British people?
6 1:05:47 Sir Keith Joseph and the Market Economy
Sir Keith Joseph was the most articulate and powerful of the postwar exponents of the market economy at a time when it was distinctly unfashionable. He it was who provided the ideological dynamic for what came to be called Thatcherism. Indeed, Margaret Thatcher dedicated a volume of her autobiography to him, and declared that her reforms could never have been achieved without him. But he has also been an important influence on Tony Blair's New Labour. We still inhabit a world largely created by Keith Joseph, and we will probably continue to do so for a long time to come.
source: GreshamCollege 2012年10月29日
Winston Churchill wrote of Joseph Chamberlain, Colonial Secretary at the beginning of the 20th century, that, even though he never became Prime Minister, he 'made the weather', meaning that he played a crucial role in shaping the political agenda of his day. These lectures discuss six postwar politicians, none of whom became Prime Minister, but who, like Joseph Chamberlain, also made the weather and so helped to shape the age in which we live. For all information about this series of free public lectures by Professor Vernon Bogdanor, please visit the Gresham College website: www.gresham.ac.uk
The transcript and downloadable versions of the lectures are available from the Gresham College website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and...
Website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk
Twitter: http://twitter.com/GreshamCollege
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/pages/Gresham...
1 59:18 Aneurin Bevan and the Socialist Ideal
Aneurin Bevan was the leading postwar representative in Britain of the socialist ideal. He is best remembered for the creation of the National Health Service which he regarded as a symbol of applied socialism, a national service free at the point of use and available to all. But, even before he resigned from the postwar Labour government in 1951, this ideal was being eroded. Were his hopes doomed to disappointment?
2 55:42 Iain Macleod and Decolonisation
Iain Macleod was, with Joseph Chamberlain, one of two great Colonial Secretaries of the 20th century. In the early 1960s, he ensured the rapid ending of Britain's African empire. This allowed Britain to avoid the imperial traumas which afflicted France and Portugal. If the African ex-colonies choose to remain in the multi-racial Commonwealth, that in large part is due to Iain Macleod.
3 53:50 Roy Jenkins, Europe and the Civilised Society
Roy Jenkins was Home Secretary from 1965 to 1967 and again from 1974 to 1976. He sponsored homosexual law reform and the legalisation of abortion as well as legislation outlawing racial discrimination. He helped create what its supporters called the civilised society but its enemies labelled the permissive society. During the 1970s, Jenkins's support for European unity put him at odds with many in the Labour Party; and in 1981, he helped found the new but short-lived Social Democratic Party. Meanwhile, as President of the European Commission, he had played a fundamental part in launching the idea of European monetary union.
4 1:10:32 Enoch Powell and the Sovereignty of Parliament
Enoch Powell was the most powerful postwar exponent of the idea of the sovereignty of Parliament and indeed of English nationalism, opposing the coming of a multiracial society, devolution, and entry into the Common Market, as the European Union used to be called. His ideas proved unacceptable not only to Labour but also to the Conservative Party which he left in 1974. Was he, as his supporters allege, a prophet before his time; or have developments since his death shown that his fears were groundless?
5 50:26 Tony Benn and the Idea of Participation
Tony Benn has been the most prominent modern spokesman of the movement for participatory democracy. It was he who secured the right of hereditary peers to renounce their titles, the right of the people to vote on membership of the Common Market in the referendum of 1975, and the right of Labour Party members to choose their leader and reselect their MPs. Yet, in the Britain of the 21st century, turnout is lower than it has ever been and the desire to participate seems at a discount, especially amongst the young. Did Benn misunderstand the attitudes of the British people?
6 1:05:47 Sir Keith Joseph and the Market Economy
Sir Keith Joseph was the most articulate and powerful of the postwar exponents of the market economy at a time when it was distinctly unfashionable. He it was who provided the ideological dynamic for what came to be called Thatcherism. Indeed, Margaret Thatcher dedicated a volume of her autobiography to him, and declared that her reforms could never have been achieved without him. But he has also been an important influence on Tony Blair's New Labour. We still inhabit a world largely created by Keith Joseph, and we will probably continue to do so for a long time to come.
Mortality Past and Present: John Graunt's Bills of Mortality
# playlist (click the video's upper-left icon)
source: GreshamCollege 2013年1月9日
A conference to mark the 350th anniversary of the publication of John Graunt's London 'Bills of Mortality' in 1662. The conference talks and discussions looked at the field of demography past, present and future.
The transcript and downloadable versions of the lectures are available from the Gresham College website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and...
Website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk
Twitter: http://twitter.com/GreshamCollege
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/pages/Gresham...
1 9:47 Mortality Past and Present: Introduction to the conference on John Graunt's Bills of Mortality
This is an introduction to the conference that marks the 350th anniversary of the publication of John Graunt's London Bills of Mortality in 1662.
Speakers at the conference open the symposium with an historical approach, examining mortality patterns in London in Graunt's era, as well as assessing the contribution of the Bills of Mortality to the development of demography as a discipline.
2 25:44 New Insights into Mortality Patterns of Early Modern Cities - Dr Romola Davenport
Speakers opened the symposium with an historical approach, examining mortality patterns in London in Graunt's era, as well as assessing the contribution of the Bills of Mortality to the development of demography as a discipline.
3 24:13 Parochial Registration and the Bills of Mortality - Gill Newton
Speakers opened the symposium with an historical approach, examining mortality patterns in London in Graunt's era, as well as assessing the contribution of the Bills of Mortality to the development of demography as a discipline.
4 46:10 John Graunt, the Law of Decline and the Origins of Urban Historical Demography - Richard Smith
Speakers opened the symposium with an historical approach, examining mortality patterns in London in Graunt's era, as well as assessing the contribution of the Bills of Mortality to the development of demography as a discipline.
5 23:35 Theoretical and Practical Thoughts about Tempo Effects in the Conventional Period Life Table
Speakers present the current 'state-of-the-art' of mortality studies in the UK, Europe and beyond, with consideration to the influence of Graunt.
6 22:18 Current Trends in European and Middle Eastern Mortality - Professor Jon Anson
Speakers present the current 'state-of-the-art' of mortality studies in the UK, Europe and beyond, with consideration to the influence of Graunt.
7 42:22 A Grauntian Perspective on Contemporary British Mortality - Professor Michael Murphy
Speakers present the current 'state-of-the-art' of mortality studies in the UK, Europe and beyond, with consideration to the influence of Graunt.
8 58:57 Using Mortality to Compare the Health of Populations - Professor Jim Vaupel
Professor Jim Vaupel, of the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, delivers an original paper considering mortality and population health.
9 41:39 How do we build extended longevity into our visions of the future? - Panel Discussion
The panel discussion features representatives from the Government Actuary's Department and the Office of National Statistics speaking on how changing mortality patterns interact with contemporary policy and planning issues.
source: GreshamCollege 2013年1月9日
A conference to mark the 350th anniversary of the publication of John Graunt's London 'Bills of Mortality' in 1662. The conference talks and discussions looked at the field of demography past, present and future.
The transcript and downloadable versions of the lectures are available from the Gresham College website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and...
Website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk
Twitter: http://twitter.com/GreshamCollege
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/pages/Gresham...
1 9:47 Mortality Past and Present: Introduction to the conference on John Graunt's Bills of Mortality
This is an introduction to the conference that marks the 350th anniversary of the publication of John Graunt's London Bills of Mortality in 1662.
Speakers at the conference open the symposium with an historical approach, examining mortality patterns in London in Graunt's era, as well as assessing the contribution of the Bills of Mortality to the development of demography as a discipline.
2 25:44 New Insights into Mortality Patterns of Early Modern Cities - Dr Romola Davenport
Speakers opened the symposium with an historical approach, examining mortality patterns in London in Graunt's era, as well as assessing the contribution of the Bills of Mortality to the development of demography as a discipline.
3 24:13 Parochial Registration and the Bills of Mortality - Gill Newton
Speakers opened the symposium with an historical approach, examining mortality patterns in London in Graunt's era, as well as assessing the contribution of the Bills of Mortality to the development of demography as a discipline.
4 46:10 John Graunt, the Law of Decline and the Origins of Urban Historical Demography - Richard Smith
Speakers opened the symposium with an historical approach, examining mortality patterns in London in Graunt's era, as well as assessing the contribution of the Bills of Mortality to the development of demography as a discipline.
5 23:35 Theoretical and Practical Thoughts about Tempo Effects in the Conventional Period Life Table
Speakers present the current 'state-of-the-art' of mortality studies in the UK, Europe and beyond, with consideration to the influence of Graunt.
6 22:18 Current Trends in European and Middle Eastern Mortality - Professor Jon Anson
Speakers present the current 'state-of-the-art' of mortality studies in the UK, Europe and beyond, with consideration to the influence of Graunt.
7 42:22 A Grauntian Perspective on Contemporary British Mortality - Professor Michael Murphy
Speakers present the current 'state-of-the-art' of mortality studies in the UK, Europe and beyond, with consideration to the influence of Graunt.
8 58:57 Using Mortality to Compare the Health of Populations - Professor Jim Vaupel
Professor Jim Vaupel, of the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, delivers an original paper considering mortality and population health.
9 41:39 How do we build extended longevity into our visions of the future? - Panel Discussion
The panel discussion features representatives from the Government Actuary's Department and the Office of National Statistics speaking on how changing mortality patterns interact with contemporary policy and planning issues.
(русский / in Russian) История зарубежной литературы XX века, 1 семестр | Юлиана Каминская (History of foreign literature of the XX century, 1 semester by Juliana Kaminskaya)
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source: Лекториум 2013年10月31日
Подписывайтесь на канал: https://www.lektorium.tv/ZJA
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Курс лекций посвящен уникальному литературному наследию ХХ века.
В рамках курса 1 семестра слушателей ждет знакомство со следующими авторами:
Томас Манн
Франц Кафка
Бертольт Брехт
Марсель Пруст
Жан-Поль Сартр
Альбер Камю
Уильям Фолкнер
Вирджиния Вулф
Герман Гессе
Лекции курса представлены не просто в формате монолога. Юлиана Каминская поддерживает с аудиторией открытый диалог, вопросами побуждая слушателей к осмыслению обсуждаемых произведений. Лектор, прибегая к ярким и понятным метафорам, делает диалог о сложном – доступным и понятным для всех.
Приглашаем Вас присоединиться к этому вдумчивому путешествию в непростой мир литературы XX столетия.
source: Лекториум 2013年10月31日
Подписывайтесь на канал: https://www.lektorium.tv/ZJA
Следите за новостями:
https://vk.com/openlektorium
https://www.facebook.com/openlektorium
Курс лекций посвящен уникальному литературному наследию ХХ века.
В рамках курса 1 семестра слушателей ждет знакомство со следующими авторами:
Томас Манн
Франц Кафка
Бертольт Брехт
Марсель Пруст
Жан-Поль Сартр
Альбер Камю
Уильям Фолкнер
Вирджиния Вулф
Герман Гессе
Лекции курса представлены не просто в формате монолога. Юлиана Каминская поддерживает с аудиторией открытый диалог, вопросами побуждая слушателей к осмыслению обсуждаемых произведений. Лектор, прибегая к ярким и понятным метафорам, делает диалог о сложном – доступным и понятным для всех.
Приглашаем Вас присоединиться к этому вдумчивому путешествию в непростой мир литературы XX столетия.
(русский / in Russian) Избранные темы Computer Science | Александр Шень (Selected Topics Computer Science by Alexander Shen)
# playlist (click the video's upper-left icon)
source: Лекториум 2013年7月24日
Подписывайтесь на канал: https://www.lektorium.tv/ZJA
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https://vk.com/openlektorium
https://www.facebook.com/openlektorium
Целью этого курса является изложить некоторые классические результаты теоретической информатики, которые сочетают в себе (по возможности) разные качества
формулировку и доказательство можно понять за ограниченное время, у нас имеющееся
результат достаточно фундаментальный для того, чтобы практическим программистам стоило про него знать
результат не общеизвестный (последнее можно будет скорректировать по ходу дела)
Примерный перечень возможных тем:
понятие универсальной функции (хранимой программы) и диагональная конструкция алгоритмически неразрешимых проблем (перечислимого неразрешимого множества)
конкретные модели и доказательство неразрешимости конкретных задач (подстановки в словах = проблема тождества слов в полугруппах)
теорема Клини о неподвижной точке и self-referential конструкции
понятие сводимости как средство доказательства неразрешимости и полиномиальной сводимости как средства сравнения сложности
case study: потоки в сетях, сведение к ним (двудольного) паросочетания, вероятностный и детерминированный полиномиальные алгоритмы
правила доказательства свойств программ: примеры
вероятностные алгоритмы: пример анализа времени работы (быстрая сортировка)
пример результата из теории сложности: что значит и почему BPP содержится в
теория смыкается с практикой: регулярные выражения и конечные автоматы
алгебра и computer science: разделение секрета, коды Рида–Соломона
алгебра и computer science: IP=PSPACE
пример из теории кодирования: границы Гилберта и Шеннона
пример из теории информации: шенноновская энтропия как граница для средней длины префиксного (или даже однозначного) кода
колмогоровская сложность (пример результата: теорема о сложности пары)
PCP: эквивалентность проверки доказательства и gap reduction
доказательства с двумя пруверами: пример, когда квантовая механика позволяет перейти границу для классической
псевдослучайные генераторы: почему тестирование равносильно предсказанию
Страница курса на сайте Computer Science клуба.logic.pdmi.ras.ru/csclub/courses/hugedataalgorithms
source: Лекториум 2013年7月24日
Подписывайтесь на канал: https://www.lektorium.tv/ZJA
Следите за новостями:
https://vk.com/openlektorium
https://www.facebook.com/openlektorium
Целью этого курса является изложить некоторые классические результаты теоретической информатики, которые сочетают в себе (по возможности) разные качества
формулировку и доказательство можно понять за ограниченное время, у нас имеющееся
результат достаточно фундаментальный для того, чтобы практическим программистам стоило про него знать
результат не общеизвестный (последнее можно будет скорректировать по ходу дела)
Примерный перечень возможных тем:
понятие универсальной функции (хранимой программы) и диагональная конструкция алгоритмически неразрешимых проблем (перечислимого неразрешимого множества)
конкретные модели и доказательство неразрешимости конкретных задач (подстановки в словах = проблема тождества слов в полугруппах)
теорема Клини о неподвижной точке и self-referential конструкции
понятие сводимости как средство доказательства неразрешимости и полиномиальной сводимости как средства сравнения сложности
case study: потоки в сетях, сведение к ним (двудольного) паросочетания, вероятностный и детерминированный полиномиальные алгоритмы
правила доказательства свойств программ: примеры
вероятностные алгоритмы: пример анализа времени работы (быстрая сортировка)
пример результата из теории сложности: что значит и почему BPP содержится в
теория смыкается с практикой: регулярные выражения и конечные автоматы
алгебра и computer science: разделение секрета, коды Рида–Соломона
алгебра и computer science: IP=PSPACE
пример из теории кодирования: границы Гилберта и Шеннона
пример из теории информации: шенноновская энтропия как граница для средней длины префиксного (или даже однозначного) кода
колмогоровская сложность (пример результата: теорема о сложности пары)
PCP: эквивалентность проверки доказательства и gap reduction
доказательства с двумя пруверами: пример, когда квантовая механика позволяет перейти границу для классической
псевдослучайные генераторы: почему тестирование равносильно предсказанию
Страница курса на сайте Computer Science клуба.logic.pdmi.ras.ru/csclub/courses/hugedataalgorithms
(русский / in Russian) Арифметика алгебраических многообразий | Александр Смирнов (Arithmetic of Algebraic Varieties by Alexander Smirnov)
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source: Лекториум 2013年10月3日
Цель спецкурса -- подготовиться к семинару для изучения доказательств гипотезы Морделла (теорема Фалтингса), теоремы Ферма (теорема Вайлса), гипотезы Танияма--Вейля и др. Это курс для начинающих, знания алгебраической геометрии не предполагается. В ходе курса будет введена необходимая техника с упором на теорию алгебраических кривых и поверхностей и на аракеловскую геометрию.Информация о курсе на сайте ПОМИ РАН
Подписывайтесь на канал: https://www.lektorium.tv/ZJA
Следите за новостями:
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source: Лекториум 2013年10月3日
Цель спецкурса -- подготовиться к семинару для изучения доказательств гипотезы Морделла (теорема Фалтингса), теоремы Ферма (теорема Вайлса), гипотезы Танияма--Вейля и др. Это курс для начинающих, знания алгебраической геометрии не предполагается. В ходе курса будет введена необходимая техника с упором на теорию алгебраических кривых и поверхностей и на аракеловскую геометрию.Информация о курсе на сайте ПОМИ РАН
Подписывайтесь на канал: https://www.lektorium.tv/ZJA
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(русский / in Russian) Топологическая K-теория | С. Подкорытов (Topological K-theory by S. Podkorytov)
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source: Лекториум 2013年10月3日
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source: Лекториум 2013年10月3日
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(русский / in Russian) Архитектура ЭВМ и основы ОС | Кирилл Кринкин (The architecture of computers and the basics of the OS by Kirill Krinkin)
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source: Лекториум 2013年10月14日
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source: Лекториум 2013年10月14日
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